LCAs are useful for broad narratives but lack the precision and facility-specific insight that EIM provides. The future lies in hybrid models, where high-level LCAs are supplemented by granular EIM data—creating a full-spectrum view of impact that satisfies both operational and regulatory needs.
A circular fashion value chain may mean decreasing volumes of virgin cotton, and poses questions of ensuring a just transition for farmers away from cotton production. In doing so we absolutely have to focus on ensuring that all virgin cotton production is regenerative and economically sustainable for farmers.