Cottonseed waste has been shown to yield biodiesel at volumes sufficient to power cotton cultivation itself, through a closed-loop system that recycles all byproducts. Biochar derived from defatted cottonseed serves as a high-performance catalyst, achieving an 83.5% biodiesel yield. Syngas produced during the process is converted into methanol and reused, creating a self-sustaining, fossil-fuel-free energy cycle.
